Research Article

Teachers’ ability, attitude, and acceptance towards distance learning

Joseph Dela Cruz Reyes 1 *
More Detail
1 Telesforo and Natividad Alfonso High School, Department of Education, PHILIPPINES* Corresponding Author
Journal of Digital Educational Technology, 3(2), 2023, ep2307, https://doi.org/10.30935/jdet/13349
Published Online: 05 June 2023, Published: 01 July 2023
OPEN ACCESS   960 Views   655 Downloads
Download Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

The method that was used in this study was a descriptive-cross-sectional method of research in which the primary focus for the research is to describe some phenomenon or to document its characteristics. The respondents of this descriptive-cross-sectional study were all the teachers from Division of Pampanga high schools, Philippines for the school year 2022-2023. Total enumeration was employed in the study. This study shows that teaching ability towards technology as to basic computer skills, internet or online skills, software productivity skills, and training attended revealed no significant relationship to teaching styles and strategies, confidence, motivation, and time management as their attitude towards a successful online teaching. This means that the ability of the teachers on technology do not significantly affect their attitudes towards a successful online teaching, and finally, relationship of the teachers’ attitude towards a successful online teaching and their acceptance on distance learning were statistically shows not significant. After having a series of computation, analysis, and interpretations, the following statements are hereby suggested: (1) a deeper understanding about the teachers’ readiness on distance learning should be qualitatively evaluated and (2) a study on the reasons on the response of the teachers in terms of their readiness as compared to their profiles is hereby suggested for further research.
Keywords: distance learning, teachers’ ability, teachers’ attitude, teachers’ acceptance

CITATION (APA)

Reyes, J. D. C. (2023). Teachers’ ability, attitude, and acceptance towards distance learning. Journal of Digital Educational Technology, 3(2), ep2307. https://doi.org/10.30935/jdet/13349

REFERENCES

  1. Abrioux, D. A. M. X. (2001). Converting to online course and program delivery: Global perspectives. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v1i2.16
  2. Afzal, M. T., Safdar, A., & Ambreen, M. (2015). Teachers perceptions and needs towards the use of e-learning in teaching of physics at secondary level. American Journal of Educational Research, 3(8), 1045-1051. https://doi.org/10.12691/education-3-8-16
  3. Ainin, S., Muzamil Naqshbandi, M., Moghavvemi, S., & Ismawati Jaafar, N. (2015). Facebook sage, socialization and academic performance. Computer & Education, 83(1), 64-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.12.018
  4. Alarifi, Y. (2003). E-learning technology: Promising method. In Proceedings of the E-learning International Conference. King Faisal School. https://www.jlls.org/index.php/jlls/article/view/4598
  5. Alfonso, G. J. (2012). Thoughts about openness in a digitized world [Presentation]. The University of the Philippines Open University Roundtable Discussion. https://networks.upou.edu.ph/26984/open-educational-resources-and-massive-open-online-courses-windows-of-openness-in-a-digitized-educational-landscape-dr-grace-alfonso/#tab-1573180415822-1
  6. Anderson, T. (2008). Towards a theory of online learning. In T. Anderson (Ed.), The theory and practice of online learning (pp. 45-74). Athabasca University Press. https://doi.org/10.15215/aupress/9781897425084.01
  7. Armellini, A., & Jones, S. (2008). Carpe diem: Seizing each day to foster change in e-learning design. Reflecting Education, 4(1), 17-29. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alejandro-Armellini/publication/27248541_Carpe_Diem_Seizing_each_day_to_foster_change_in_e-learning_design/links/591abdfaaca2722d7cfed3a6/Carpe-Diem-Seizing-each-day-to-foster-change-in-e-learning-design.pdf
  8. Aydin, C. H. (2005). Turkish mentors’ perception of roles, competencies and resources for online teaching. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 6(3), 1-23. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/156490
  9. Barajas, M. (2002). Restructuring higher education institutions in Europe: The case of virtual learning environments. Interactive Educational Multimedia, 5, 1-28.
  10. Bates, T. (2008). Transforming distance education through new technologies. In T. Evans, M. Haughey, & D. Murphy (Eds.), International handbook of distance education (pp. 217-236). Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1093775.pdf
  11. Bawane, J., & Spector, J. M. (2009). Prioritization of online instructor roles: Implications for competency-based teacher education programs. Distance Education, 30(3), 383-397. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587910903236536
  12. Belanger, F., & Jordan, D. H. (2000) Evaluation and implementation of distance learning: Technologies, tools and techniques. Idea Group Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-878289-63-6
  13. Berge, Z. L. (1995). Facilitating computer conferencing: Recommendations from the field. Educational Technology, 15(1), 22-30. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zane-Berge/publication/243454401_Facilitating_Computer_Conferencing_Recommendations_From_the_Field/links/0deec52f30b9369e6f000000/Facilitating-Computer-Conferencing-Recommendations-From-the-Field.pdf
  14. Bijeesh, N. A. (2017). Advantages and disadvantages of distance learning. http://www.indiaeducation.net/online-education/articles/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-distance- learning.html
  15. Blin, F., & Munro, M. (2008). Why hasn’t technology disrupted academics’ teaching practices? Understanding resistance to change through the lens of activity theory. Computers & Education, 50, 475-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2007.09.017
  16. Briggs, S. (2005). Changing roles and competencies of academics. Active Learning in Higher Education, 6(3), 256-268. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469787405057753
  17. Brooks, C. F. (2010). Toward “hybridised” faculty development for the twenty-first century: Blending online communities of practice and face-to-face meetings in instructional and professional support programs. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 47(3), 261-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2010.498177
  18. Brown, A., Bransford, J., & Cocking, R. (1999). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school. National Academy Press.
  19. Brown, C. (2017). Benefits of distance learning. https://www.eztalks.com/elearning/benefits-of-distance-learning.html
  20. Burge, E. J., & Polec, J. (2008). Transforming learning and teaching in practice: Where change and consistency interact. In T. Evans, M. Haughey, & D. Murphy (Eds.), International handbook of distance education (pp. 237-258). Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10020020/1/ARINTO,%20P.B..pdf
  21. Calderon, J., & Gonzales, E. (2013). Methods of research and thesis writing. National Book Store. https://www.worldcat.org/title/1046451670
  22. Calvert, J. (2005). Distance education at the crossroads. Distance Education, 26(2), 227-238. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587910500168876
  23. Carril, P. C. M., Sanmamed, M. G., & Sellés, N. H. (2013). Pedagogical roles and competencies of university teachers practicing in the e-learning environment. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 14(3), 462-487. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v14i3.1477
  24. Casarotti, M., Filliponi, L., Pieti, L., & Sartori, R. (2002) Educational interaction in distance learning: Analysis of one-way video and two-way audio system. Psychology Journal, 1(1), 28-38. https://www.academia.edu/17350241/Educational_interaction_in_distance_learning_Analysis_of_a_one-way_video_and_two-way_audio_system
  25. Chase, C. A. (2002). The impact of gender differences and levels of expertise in instructional design [Doctoral dissertation, Wayne State University].
  26. Christensen, E. W., Anakwe, U. P., & Kessler E. H. (2001) Receptivity to distance learning: The effect of technology, reputation, constraints, and learning preferences. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 33(3), 263-279. https://doi.org/10.1080/08886504.2001.10782314
  27. Cinar, M., & Torenli, N. (2010) Redesign online courses with students’ expectations: A case study with a new infrastructure. Social and Behavioral Science, 9, 2013-2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.12.438
  28. Clay, M. (1999). Faculty attitudes toward distance education at the State University of West Georgia. http://www.westga.edu/~distance/attitudes.html
  29. Clegg, S., Hudson, A., & Steel, J. (2003). The emperor’s new clothes: Globalization and e-learning in higher education. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 24(1), 39-53. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425690301914
  30. Conole, C. (2004). E-learning: The hype and the reality. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 11. https://doi.org/10.5334/2004-12
  31. Coppola, N. W., Hiltz, S. R., & Rotter, N. G. (2002). Becoming a virtual professor: Pedagogical roles and asynchronous learning networks. Journal of Management Information Systems, 18(4), 169-189. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 07421222.2002.11045703
  32. Darabi, A. A., Sikorski, E. G., & Harvey, R. B. (2006). Validated competencies for distance teaching. Distance Education, 27(1), 105-122. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587910600654809
  33. dela Pena-Bandalaria, M., (2007). Impact of ICTs on open and distance learning in a developing country setting: The Philippine experience. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 8, 1. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v8i1.334
  34. Doculan, D., (2019). E-learning readiness assessment tool for Philippine higher education institutions. International Journal on Integrating Technology in Education, 5, 2. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijite.2016.5203
  35. Downing, J. J., & Dyment, J. E. (2013). Teacher educators’ readiness, preparation, and perceptions of preparing pre-service teachers in a fully online environment: An exploratory study. The Teacher Educator, 48(2), 96-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730.2012.760023
  36. Dringus, L. P. (2000). Towards active online learning. A dramatic shift in perspective for learners. The Internet and Higher Education, 2(4), 189-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1096-7516(00)00023-3
  37. Easton, S. S. (2003). Clarifying the instructor’s role in online distance learning. Communication Education, 52(2), 87-105. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634520302470
  38. Firat, M. (2016). Measuring the e-learning autonomy of distance education students. Open Praxis, 8(3), 191-201. https://doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.8.3.310
  39. Flor, A. (1995). Broadcast-based distance learning systems. University of the Philippines Press. Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.
  40. Gagne, M., & Shepherd, M. G. (2001). Distance learning in accounting: A comparison between distance and traditional graduate accounting class. T.H.E. Journal, 28(9), 58-60. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ631232
  41. Garrison, R. (2009). Implications of online learning for the conceptual development and practice of distance education. Journal of Distance Education/Revue de L’education a Distance, 23(2), 93-104. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ851906.pdf
  42. Gay, G. H. (2016). An assessment of online instructor e-learning readiness before, during, and after course delivery. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 28(2), 199-220. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12528-016-9115-z
  43. Haughey, M., Evans, T., & Murphy, D. (2008). Introduction: From correspondence to virtual learning environments. In T. Evans, M. Haughey, & D. Murphy (Eds.), International handbook of distance education (pp. 1-24). Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4335.0804
  44. Hedberg, J. G. (2006). E-learning futures? Speculations for a time yet to come. Studies in Continuing Education, 28(2), 171-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/01580370600751187
  45. Holmes, B., & Gardner, J. (2006). E-learning: Concepts and practice. SAGE. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446212585
  46. Honeyman, M., & Miller, G. (1993). Agriculture distance education: A valid alternative for higher education? In Proceedings of the 20th Annual National Agricultural Education Research Meeting (pp. 67-73). https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2015.34007
  47. Isik, A. H., Karakis, R., & Guler, I. (2010). Postgraduate students’ attitudes toward distance learning (the case study of Gazi University). Social and Behavioral Science, 9, 218-222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.12.139
  48. Jacobs, G. M., Renandya, W. A., & Power, M. (2016). Learner autonomy. In G. Jacobs, W. A. Renandya, & M. Power (Eds.), Simple, powerful strategies for student center. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25712-9
  49. Jara, M., & Fitri, M. (2007). Pedagogical templates for e-learning. Institute of Education. http://core.ac.uk/download/files/52/82439.pdf
  50. Jonassen, D. (1992). Designing hypertext for learning. In E. Scanlon, & T. O’Shea (Eds.), New directions in educational technology (pp. 123-130). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77750-9_10
  51. Keyter, C. (2002). Institutional open and distance learning collaboration in Namibia. Staff and Educational Development International, 6(3), 261-276.
  52. Khan, B. H. (2005). Managing e-learning: Design, delivery, implementation and evaluation. Information Science Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-634-1
  53. Kirkwood, A. (2009). E-learning: You don’t always get what you hope for. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 18(2), 107-121. https://doi.org/10.1080/14759390902992576
  54. Kirkwood, A., & Price, L. (2006). Adaptation for a changing environment: Developing learning and teaching with information and communication technologies. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 7, 2. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v7i2.294
  55. Ko, S., & Rossen, S. (2017). Teaching online: A practical guide. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203427354
  56. Kor, H., Erbay, H., Demir, E., & Akmese, O. F. (2016). A study on the factors affecting the academic performance of distance education students and formal students, hit it. University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 9(2), 1029-1050. https://doi.org/10.17218/hititsosbil.280829
  57. Lee, M. H., & Tsai, C.-C. (2010). Exploring teachers’ perceived self efficacy and technological pedagogical content knowledge with respect to educational use of the world wide web. Instructional Science, 38(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-008-9075-4
  58. Lichoro, D. M. (2015). Faculty readiness for transition to teaching online courses in the Iowa Community College Online Consortium [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Iowa State University. https://dr.lib.iastate.edu/server/api/core/bitstreams/19bfc8ed-da92-43f9-8627-be53f842e62c/content
  59. Lynch, R., & Dembo, M. (2004). The relationship between self-regulation and online learning in a blended learning context. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 5, 2. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v5i2.189
  60. Nagrale, P. (2013). Advantages and disadvantages of distance education. https://surejob.in/advantages-and- disadvantages-of-distance-education.html
  61. Naidu, S. (2007). Instructional designs for optimal learning. In M. G. Moore (Ed.), Handbook of distance education (pp. 247-258). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. http://www.geocities.ws/mrteddy/bl4.pdf
  62. Napier, N. P., Dekhane, S., & Smith, S. (2011). Transitioning to blended learning: Understanding student and faculty perceptions. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 15(1), 20-32. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v15i1.188
  63. Natriello, G. (2005). Modest changes, revolutionary possibilities: Distance learning and the future of education. Teachers College Record, 107(8), 1885-1904. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146810510700813
  64. Niederhauser, D. S., & Stoddart, T. (2001). Teachers’ instructional perspectives and use of technological software. Teaching and Teacher Education, 17, 15-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-051X(00)00036-6
  65. Northcote, M., Gosselin, K., & Reynaud, D. (2015). Navigating learning journeys of online teachers: Threshold concepts and self-efficacy. Issues in Educational Research, 25(3), 319-344. https://www.iier.org.au/iier25/northcote.pdf
  66. Pachler, N., & Daly, C. (2011). Key issues in e-learning research and practice. Continuum. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233980722_Key_issues_in_e-learning_research_and_practice
  67. Pagliari, L., Batts, D., & McFadden, C. (2009). Desired versus actual training for online instructors in community colleges. http://thescholarship.ecu.edu/handle/10342/2176
  68. Perraton, H., Creed, C., & Robinson, B. (2002). Teacher education guidelines: Using open and distance learning. UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000125396
  69. Perumalla, C., Mak, J., Kee, N., & Maththews, S. (2011). Integrating web applications to provide an effective distance online learning environment for students. Computer Science, 3, 770-784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.127
  70. Peters, O. (1973). Distance education and industrial production: A comparative interpretation in outline. In D. Sewart, D. Keegan, & B. Holmberg (Eds.), Distance education: International perspectives (pp. 107-127). Routledge. http://www.c3l.uni-oldenburg.de/cde/found/peters67.htm
  71. Picciano, A. G. (2017). Theories and frameworks for online education: Seeking an integrated model. Online Learning, 21(3), 166-190. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj. v21i3.1225
  72. Reiser, R. A., & Dempsey, J. V. (2012). Trends and issues in instructional design and technology. Erlbaum. https://silo.tips/download/trends-and-issues-in-instructional-design-and-technology
  73. Richey, R. C., Fields, D. C., & Foxon, M. (2001). Instructional design competencies: The standards. ERIC Clearinghouse on Information & Technology. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED453803
  74. Sadeghi, M., (2019). A shift from classroom to distance learning: Advantages and limitations. International Journal of Research in English Education, 4, 1. https://doi.org/10.29252/ijree.4.1.80
  75. Sharpe, R., Benfield, G., & Francis, R. (2006). Implementing a university e-learning strategy: Levers for change within academic schools. ALT-J, 14(2), 135-151. https://doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v14i2.10952
  76. Shea, P. (2007). Bridges and barriers to teaching online college courses: A study of experienced faculty in thirty-six colleges. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 11(2), 73-128. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v11i2.1728
  77. Song, L., Singleton, E. S., Hill, J. R., & Koh, M. H. (2004). Improving online learning: Student perception of useful and challenging characteristics. Internet and Higher Education, 7, 59-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2003.11.003
  78. Swan, K. (2010). Teaching and learning in post-industrial distance education. In M. F. Cleveland-Innes, & D. R. Garrison (Eds.), An introduction to distance education: Understanding teaching and learning in a new era (pp. 108-134). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315166896
  79. Tait, A. (2010). Foreword. In M. F. Cleveland-Innes, & D. R. Garrison (Eds.), An introduction to distance education: Understanding teaching and learning in a new era (pp. ix-xi). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203860915
  80. Traxler, J. (2018). Distance learning: Predictions and possibilities. Education Sciences, 8(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci8010035
  81. UNESCO. (2010). Adult and youth literacy: Global trends in gender parity. https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/fs3-adult-and-youth-literacy-global-trends-in-gender-parity-2010-en.pdf
  82. Varvel, V. E. (2007). Master online teacher competencies. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 10(1), 1-41. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1065646
  83. Visser, J. A. (2000). Faculty work in developing and teaching web-based distance courses: A case study of time and effort. American Journal of Distance Education, 14(3), 21-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/08923640009527062
  84. Vlassenko, L., & Bozhok, N. (2014). Advantages and disadvantages of distance learning. https://eztalks.com/elearning/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-distance-learning.html
  85. Wallace, R. M. (2004). A framework for understanding teaching with the Internet. American Educational Research Journal, 41(2), 447-488. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312041002447
  86. Webster, J., & Hackley, P. (1997) Teaching effectiveness in technology-mediated distance learning. Academy of Management Journal, 40(6), 1282-1309. https://doi.org/10.2307/257034
  87. Wray, M., Lowenthal, P. R., Bates, B., & Stevens, E. (2008). Investigating perceptions of teaching online & f2f. Academic Exchange Quarterly, 12(4), 243-248. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224885761_Investigating_perceptions_of_teaching_online_f2f#fullTextFileContent
  88. Young, J. R. (1997). Rethinking the role of the professor in an age of high-tech tools. Chronicle of Higher Education, 44(6), 26-28. https://www.chronicle.com/article/rethinking-the-role-of-the-professor-in-an-age-of-high-tech-tools/
  89. Yuen, A. H. K., & Ma, W. W. K. (2008). Exploring teacher acceptance of e-learning technology. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 36(3), 229-243. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598660802232779
  90. Zigerell, J. (1984). Distance education: An information age approach to adult education. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED246311
  91. Zimmerman, B. J. (2002). Becoming a self-regulated learner: An overview. Theory into Practice, 41(2), 64-70. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15430421tip4102_2